Method of making axes and eye-tools.



G. P. BYRNES.

METHOD OF MAKING AXES AND EYE TOOLS. AAAAAAAAA on TILED A1R.10,1908.

914,240. 'Patented'Mar. 2, 1909.

w l T N a s s E s l N v E N T on PATET QFI IQCE.

CLARENCE P. BYRNES, OF SEWIGKLEY, PENNSYLVANIA.

METHOD OF MAKING AXES AND EYE-TOOLS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed April 10, 1908.

Patented March 2, 1909.

Serial No. 426,196.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CLARENCE P. Evans of Sewickley, Allegheny county, Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Method of Making Axes and l lye-Tools, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which Figure 1 is a cross section of a pierced b l- My invention relates to the manufacture of axes or eye tools and is designed to cheapen and improve the present methods.

In carrying out my invention for ax making, I take a pierced billet 2 as shown in Fig. 1, and which may be produced on any well known type of piercing mill such as the Steifel mill of U. S. Patent No. 551,340, dated December 10th, 1895. I then reshape this long blank into the cross sectional form of an ax poll blank or ax blank, preferably over a mandrel of a suitable shape to give approximately the desired hole through the ax. The mandrel, shown at 3 in Fig. 1 may be inserted in the hole of the pierced billet which is made of suflicient diameter for this purpose, either before shaping the blank or be tween the shaping operations.

The shaping is preferably carried out by rolling, the metal being elongated and reshaped from a round having a cylindrical hole, into the desired irregular cross sectional shape having an elongated hole roughly that of the hole in the ax and corresponding to the mandrel bar. This rolling may be quickly and cheaply carried out in about two passes of the rolls, and if the mandrel travels with the blank, it is then pulled or stripped from thelong blank 4 of Fig. 2 having the hole 6, which may then be severed into ax blanks, or ax poll blanks 5, preferably on right angled lines as indicated, either by a series of adjustably spaced hot saws or in any other desirable manner. If one-piece axes are to be made, the blanks may then be forged into substantially final shape in closed box-dies; or if a separate bit is used this may be welded to the poll blank in the usual Way, the ax drawn down, and then drop-forged in the box dies.

In the drop-forging of the blanks the hole may be reshaped, or trued up, by the previ ous insertion of a short mandrel bar, giving a tapered hole if desired, instead of the straight hole formed over the mandrel during rolling. The bit may also be spread in the box-dies.

the rollin may be carried out at the same heat as in piercing the billet; or the billet may be reheated. The billet may be flattened in one pass before the mandrel bar is inserted as in Fig. 8, in which case the hole of the billet might be of less diameter than the width of the mandrel.

The advantages of my invention will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. Instead of the expensive punching of separate poll-blanks or ax blanks, the hole is easily and cheaply formed in a long blank, by the action of the piercing mill, and the blank then quickly reshaped to give the desired irregular cross section and shape of hole. The blanks are integral, without weld or scam, the same as in the present punched blanks. The saws may be adjusted to saw different widths of blanks or cut at difierent angles to 'ive different weights and sizes of axes. Di 'erent passes may be used in the same rolls for the same purpose, and the rolling reduces the amount of work in after operations, as the blanks may be thereby brought near final form, reducing the work of the box-dies in the drop press, cuttin down finning and reducin the work of fina grinding. Less metal is ost in the opera tions and axes or parts of more nearly the same weight, shape and proportions obtained. Many changes may be made in the apparatus employed, &c., without departing from my invention.

By the word ax-blank in the claims, I intend to cover either the blank for the poll or for any other eye tool of irregular shape.

I claim 1. The method of making blanks for axes or similar eye tools, consisting in flattening a pierced billet over a mandrel of irregular cross-section to reshape the billet and form a series of connected ax blanks, substantially as described.

2. The method of making blanks for axes or similar eye tools, consisting in rolling a pierced billet over a mandrel of irregular irregular cr0ss-section, substantially as decross-section to reshape the billet and form l scribed. v p 10 a series of connected ax blanks, substan- In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set tially as described. my hand.

3. The method of making blanks for axes C. P. BYRNES.

and similar eye tools, consisting in rolling Witnesses:

'and flattening a pierced billet to reshape it ANNA E. l/VALLAOE,

and form a series of connected ax blanks of LE ROY DAVIES. 

